Intra-Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0251
• Product Name: Intra-Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
• Description: ICAM-1 Human Recombinant is expressed in E. coli containing 455 amino acids 28-483 fused to an amino terminal hexahistidine tag. The ICAM-1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
• Species: Human
• Source: E. coli
• Introduction: ICAM-1 also called CD54 is a single chain membrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of a variety of non-haematopoietic and haematopoietic cell types and has roles in signal transduction, cell signaling and lymphocyte adhesion. ICAM1 binds to integrins such as CD11a / CD18, or CD11b / CD18. ICAM1 is also used by Rhinovirus as a receptor. ICAM-1 is an intercellular adhesion molecule constantly present in low concentrations in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells. When stimulated by cytokine the concentrations significantly increase. ICAM-1 can be stimulated by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and is expressed by the vascular endothelium, macrophages and lymphocytes. ICAM-1 is a ligand for LFA-1 which is a receptor found on leukocytes. Upon activation, leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrate into tissues. ICAM-1 is implicated in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Levels of ICAM-1 are shown to be notably elevated in patients with SAH. Soluble ICAM-1 is detectable in the plasma and is elevated in patients with various inflammatory conditions.
• Purity: >95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Formulation: Sterile Filtered clear solution. ICAM-1 is supplied (0.2mg/ml) in PBS, 50% Glycerol, 2mM Imidazole.

Pharmaceutical Information

• Applications: ICAM-1 has roles in signal transduction, cell signaling and lymphocyte adhesion.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Stimulating signal transduction, cell signaling and lymphocyte adhesion.
• Affected organisms: Humans

Related Reading

Background of ICAM-1

ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1) is a cell adhesion molecule, also known as CD54. It plays an important role in intercellular adhesion and inflammatory response. ICAM-1 was first discovered in 1998 and is a transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of 85kDa, belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. ICAM-1 was initially considered a specific expression molecule of endothelial cells, but research has found that it is widely distributed on the surface of various types of cells such as skeletal muscles, malignant tumors, and immune cells.

The Function of ICAM-1

As a cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1 plays an important role in immune cells and inflammatory reaction. ICAM-1 is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and monocytes during the inflammatory response process. It can interact with LFA-1 on the surface of white blood cells, leading to the aggregation and adhesion of white blood cells towards the inflammatory lesion, thereby participating in various physiological and pathological processes such as clearing exogenous pathogens, digesting necrotic cells, and repairing wound tissue. In addition, ICAM-1 also plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory response.

ICAM-1 related signaling pathway

The function of ICAM-1 are mainly related to its signaling pathway. ICAM-1 binds to the tyrosine kinase (Tyrosine Kinase) in the cytoplasm by binding to LFA-1, thus initiating downstream signaling processes. The signal pathway mainly includes NF- κB signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, etc. In the NF- κb signaling pathway, the binding of ICAM-1 can regulate IKK and I Κ B α. The activation of various factors such as p65 and p50 triggers downstream inflammatory and adaptive immune responses. In the MAPK signaling pathway, ICAM-1 can affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis through the activation of various factors such as JNK, ERK, and p38.

ICAM-1 protein related diseases

ICAM-1 plays a role in various diseases. For example, the role of ICAM-1 in cirrhosis, atherosclerosis and cancer has been widely studied. In liver cirrhosis, ICAM-1 is involved in the fibrosis and regeneration process of the liver. In atherosclerosis, the overexpression of ICAM-1 is considered to be an important marker of inflammation and atherosclerosis. In tumors, the expression of ICAM-1 is closely related to the degree of malignancy and prognosis. In addition, ICAM-1 is also associated with various infectious diseases such as HIV infection and malaria. Therefore, ICAM-1 inhibitors are an important research direction for regulating their role in related diseases.

The potential application of ICAM-1 in medicine

The potential applications of ICAM-1 in medicine mainly focus on drug therapy and vaccine development. In terms of drug treatment, ICAM-1 inhibitors can be used to treat cirrhosis, atherosclerosis, tumors, HIV infection and other related diseases. For example, in tumor treatment, ICAM-1 inhibitors can promote the effectiveness of immunotherapy and also serve as a new pathway for tumor treatment. In terms of vaccine development, ICAM-1 is closely related to immune recognition and adaptive immune response, so it has broad application prospects in the field of new vaccine design and development.

List of ICAM-1 protein related drugs under research

At present, ICAM-1 inhibitors have become important drugs for treating various diseases. For example, various natural products such as theobromine and resveratrol have shown inhibitory effects of ICAM-1. In addition, DAE-1, a small molecule compound, has also been proved to have the effect of ICAM-1 inhibitor and is used to prevent atherosclerosis and hepatitis. The latest research shows that ICAM-1 is closely related to SARS CoV-2 infection, so the application prospect of ICAM-1 inhibitor in the treatment of COVID-19 infection is currently being studied.