Background of IGFBP3
IGFBP3 (insulin like growth factor binding protein 3) is an insulin growth factor binding protein composed of a single chain peptide containing 264 amino acids with a molecular weight of 30.7 kDa. It mainly regulates the growth and differentiation of liver, bone, reproductive system, and other parts by binding with IGF-1 and IGF-2.
IGFBP3 belongs to the IGFBP family/IGFBBP superfamily. The main function of IGFBP3 protein regulates the biological effects of IGF family hormones in the body, and affect life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism.
The function of IGFBP3 protein
IGFBP3 protein is a highly conserved specific binding protein with strong affinity for IGF-1 and IGF-2. It can be secreted into the body or enter the circulatory system to bind to IGF receptors on the cell surface and activate the signaling pathway in the recipient body. At the same time, IGFBP3 can also enhance antioxidant effects independently of IGF, effectively clearing free radicals in the body, and protecting cells from oxidative stress damage.
The main function of IGFBP3 is to regulate growth and metabolism. It rapidly removes IGF-1 and IGF-2 from extracellular fluid by binding them, thus regulating the intensity and timeliness of IGF signaling pathway. Its binding with IGF-1 and IGF-2 can prevent them from entering cells, thereby reducing the intensity of the IGF signaling pathway. IGFBP3 also plays an important role in biological functions such as cell cycle, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and migration.
IGFBP3 protein related signaling pathways
The binding of IGFBP3 protein to IGF-I can initiate multiple signaling pathways, the most important of which are PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathways, which affect cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis.
IGFBP3 protein related diseases
IGFBP3 research is mainly related to cancer, bone metabolism disorders, diabetes and other diseases. In oncology, IGFBP3 has been proven to be closely related to various physiological processes such as cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, and tumor progression. Clinical studies have shown that IGFBP3, as an extracellular cytokine, can stably exist in blood and urine, and is therefore considered a tumor marker, providing important guidance for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Potential applications of IGFBP3 protein in medicine:
In addition to cancer diagnosis and treatment, IGFBP3 is also widely studied for the treatment of osteoporosis prevention, diabetes prevention and metabolic syndrome. For example, IGFBP3 protein can regulate bone metabolism, reduce bone loss, and prevent osteoporosis by maintaining normal bone trabecular structure and inducing the synthesis of OSTEOPROTEGERIN (OPG).
List of IGFBP3 protein related drugs under research
IGF binding protein drugs such as Cabocott are a class of IGFBP3 protein related drugs that are still under research. It uses human IGFBP3 protein as its precursor and exerts targeted effects through NP recognition peptide sequence. Previous experiments showed that Cabocat had significant anti-tumor effects on EGFR positive human breast cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer cells. At present, researchers are further conducting clinical trials of Cabocaote to evaluate its efficacy and safety in various tumors.
The representative drugs in existing research are mainly some IGFBP3 secretion inhibitors, such as Chrysin, Fisetin, etc. In addition, some structural analog of IGFBP3 are used to treat cancer and other diseases. However, it should be noted that these drugs are still in the preclinical research stage and require further research and validation.
