Interferon alfacon-1

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0080
• Product Name: Interferon alfacon-1
• Description: The product is a recombinant non-naturally occurring type-I interferon. The 166-amino acid sequence of The product was derived by scanning the sequences of several natural interferon alpha subtypes and assigning the most frequently observed amino acid in each corresponding position. Four additional amino acid changes were made to facilitate the molecular construction, and a corresponding synthetic DNA sequence was constructed using chemical synthesis methodology. The product differs from interferon alfa-2b at 20/166 amino acids (88% homology), and comparison with interferon-beta shows identity at over 30% of the amino acid positions. The product is produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells that have been genetically altered by insertion of a synthetically constructed sequence that codes for the product. Prior to final purification, the product is allowed to oxidize to its native state, and its final purity is achieved by sequential passage over a series of chromatography columns. This protein has a molecular weight of 19,434 daltons.
• Sequences: MCDLPQTHSLGNRRALILLAQMRRISPFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFDGNQFQKAQAISVLHEMIQQTFNLFSTKDSSAAWDESLLEKFYTELYQQLNDLEACVIQEVGVEETPLMNVDSILAVKKYFQRITLYLTEKKYSPCAWEVVRAEIMRSFSLSTNLQERLRRKE
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: 19343.0 Da
• Source: E. coli
• Purity: >99% by SDS-Page and HPLC analysis
• Cas No: 118390-30-0
• Formula: C860H1353N227O255S9
• Endotoxin Level: <0.001 EU per 1 μg by the LAL method
• Biological Activity: 0.03 mg/1mL

Pharmaceutical Information

• Pharmaceutical Application: Interferon alfacon-1
• Applications: For the treatment of hairy cell leukemia, malignant melanoma, and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Hairy cell leukemia, malignant melanoma, and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma
• Pharmacodynamics: Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
• Mechanism of action: Interferon alpha binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c) which, upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta. The resulting actions include gene transcription, inhibition of cellular growth, alteration of the state of cellular differentiation, interference with oncogene expression, alteration of cell surface antigen expression, increasing phagocytic activity of macrophages, and augmentation of the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for target cells.
• Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Targets: Target 1. Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1; Target 2. Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2

Related Reading

The introduction of Interferon alfacon-1

Interferon alfacon-1 is a recombinant form of interferon alfa-2b, a type of protein known as a cytokine, which is naturally produced by the human body in response to viral infections and other immune system challenges. Interferon alfacon-1 is used as a medication to treat certain viral infections, including chronic hepatitis C and certain types of cancer, such as hairy cell leukemia. The medication works by enhancing the body's immune response, helping it to better fight off viruses and cancer cells. It can also help to regulate the body's immune system, reducing inflammation and promoting healthy cell growth.
Interferon alfacon-1 is typically administered by injection and is available by prescription only. It is important to use this medication only as directed by a healthcare professional, as it can have potential side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. It is also important to discuss any existing medical conditions or medications with a healthcare provider before starting treatment with interferon alfacon-1.

Composition and structure of Interferon alfacon-1

Interferon alfacon-1, also known as Infergen, is a type of recombinant interferon used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. It is a complex protein composed of 166 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 19.2 kDa. The primary structure of Interferon alfacon-1 is a result of recombinant DNA technology, which involves the expression of the interferon gene in a suitable host organism such as E. coli. The amino acid sequence of Interferon alfacon-1 is engineered to mimic the natural human interferon alfa-2b, with specific modifications to enhance its pharmacological properties and therapeutic effectiveness.
The specific composition of Interferon alfacon-1 at the amino acid level, including any post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, is proprietary information held by the manufacturer. As a result, the detailed composition of Interferon alfacon-1 is not publicly disclosed. Interferon alfacon-1 is a synthetic type I interferon that is used to treat various medical conditions, including chronic hepatitis C and certain types of cancer.
Its structure is derived from the natural human interferon alpha, with modifications to improve its stability and bioactivity. Interferon alfacon-1 is a glycosylated protein, meaning it contains sugar molecules attached to the protein backbone. The specific structure of interferon alfacon-1 is quite complex and includes a sequence of amino acids arranged in a particular order, as well as the specific arrangement of sugar molecules. The three-dimensional structure of interferon alfacon-1 is also important for its function and interactions with other molecules in the body.

Clinical effect of Interferon alfacon-1

Interferon alfacon-1 is a type I interferon that has been used in the treatment of various medical conditions. Its clinical effects can vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Some of the clinical effects of Interferon alfacon-1 may include:
1. Antiviral effects: Interferon alfacon-1 has been used in the treatment of viral infections such as hepatitis C and hepatitis B. It can help to inhibit viral replication and enhance the body's immune response to the virus.
2. Immunomodulatory effects: Interferon alfacon-1 can modulate the immune system, leading to enhanced immune response against cancer cells, viruses, and other pathogens.
3. Antiproliferative effects: Interferon alfacon-1 can inhibit cell growth and proliferation, making it useful in the treatment of certain cancers, such as hairy cell leukemia and melanoma.
4. Anti-inflammatory effects: Interferon alfacon-1 may have anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial in the treatment of certain autoimmune conditions.
It's important to note that the clinical effects of Interferon alfacon-1 can also be associated with side effects and adverse reactions. Therefore, it should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional and in accordance with approved indications and dosages.