Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE)

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0279
• Product Name: Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE)
• Description: Recombinant Human Butyrylcholinesterase protein (29-602 aa) is produced by HEK 293 cells expression system. This protein carries a His tag at C-Terminus.
• Sequences: EDDIIIATKNGKVRGMNLTVFGGTVTAFLGIPYAQPPLGRLRFKKPQSLT KWSDIWNATKYANSCCQNIDQSFPGFHGSEMWNPNTDLSEDCLYLNVWIP APKPKNATVLIWIYGGGFQTGTSSLHVYDGKFLARVERVIVVSMNYRVGA LGFLALPGNPEAPGNMGLFDQQLALQWVQKNIAAFGGNPKSVTLFGESAG AASVSLHLLSPGSHSLFTRAILQSGSFNAPWAVTSLYEARNRTLNLAKLT GCSRENETEIIKCLRNKDPQEILLNEAFVVPYGTPLSVNFGPTVDGDFLT DMPDILLELGQFKKTQILVGVNKDEGTAFLVYGAPGFSKDNNSIITRKEF QEGLKIFFPGVSEFGKESILFHYTDWVDDQRPENYREALGDVVGDYNFIC PALEFTKKFSEWGNNAFFYYFEHRSSKLPWPEWMGVMHGYEIEFVFGLPL ERRDNYTKAEEILSRSIVKRWANFAKYGNPNETQNNSTSWPVFKSTEQKY LTLNTESTRIMTKLRAQQCRFWTSFFPKVLEMTGNIDEAEWEWKAGFHRW NNYMMDWKNQFNDYTSKKESCVGLVDHHHHHH
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: 66 kDa including tags
• Source: HEK293 cells
• Introduction: Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is a major acetylcholine hydrolyzing enzyme in the circulation. Although it is present in significant amounts in human plasma, no endogenous physiological substrate has been described for this enzyme. It can degrade a large number of ester-containing compounds besides acylcholines, including neurotoxic organophosphate esters. Thus, it plays significant pharmacological and toxicological roles. It is thought to be involved in the pathological progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by depleting acetylcholine. In contrast to ACHE, it attenuates amyloid fibril formation in vitro. BCHE inhibitors have been used to delay symptoms of AD patients by virtue of their ability to enhance ACH availability. Its involvement in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway connects BCHE and ACHE as possible markers of low-grade systemic inflammation observed in Type-2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AD. BCHE can exist as monomers, dimers, or tetramers.
• Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE.
• Formulation: Liquid.

Pharmaceutical Information

• Applications: It is thought to be involved in the pathological progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by depleting acetylcholine. Its involvement in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway connects BCHE and ACHE as possible markers of low-grade systemic inflammation observed in Type-2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AD.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Be involved in the pathological progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by depleting acetylcholine.
• Affected organisms: Humans

Related Reading

With the development of genomics and proteomics, scientists have gradually discovered many important proteins and their functions in organisms. One of them is Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), an esterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of both esters and amides.

Background of BChE

BChE is a peptide encoded by the BCHE gene, widely distributed in human and other species of organisms, especially in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, muscles, and nervous system. The BCHE gene is a gene with approximately 70 thousand base pairs located in the 3q26.1-26.2 region of the human chromosome.

Function of BChE

BChE is one of the key enzymes that metabolize many drugs, chemicals and natural products. It is a member of the ethanolaminase family and can degrade many neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, adrenaline, and norepinephrine.

In addition to metabolizing exogenous substances, BChE also has important endogenous functions. It can provide acetylcholine to nerve cells for signal transmission between neurons. In addition, it can also participate in the regulation of plasma prothrombin time and fat metabolism.

BChE related diseases

BChE is closely related to the onset and development of various diseases. For example, it is related to the metabolism of anesthetic drugs, and patients who have been under anesthesia for a long time may experience a lack of BChE. The lack of BChE can also lead to problems such as drug poisoning, local anesthesia allergies, and liver poisoning.

HypoBChE

HypoBChE is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the BChE gene. Gene mutations result in dysfunction or loss of BChE protein function. HypoBChEemia is manifested by the allergic reaction of cholinesterase inhibitors (such as fluoroalkanoate) and the prolongation of neuromuscular blockers. In addition, hypoBChE is also associated with Alzheimer's disease and skeletal muscle relaxation.

Congenital BChE deficiency

Congenital BChE deficiency is a hereditary disease. This disease usually lacks symptoms, but when under anesthesia, the speed of clearing anesthetic drugs may decrease, leading to excessive anesthesia. In addition, congenital BChE deficiency is also related to the metabolism of drugs such as opium, cocaine, and benzodiazepine.

Acetylcholine receptor related diseases

BChE is also associated with acetylcholine receptor related diseases. For example, a lack of BChE may lead to excessive activation of acetylcholine receptors in adjacent neurons, which can lead to pain sensitivity, muscle fiber bundle tremors, and depression. Therefore, the deficiency of BChE may play a certain role in the treatment of these diseases.

Poisoning by acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

BChE is also associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning. BChE can reduce the effect of inhibitors and guide their dissociation from acetylcholine receptors. BChE deficiency may lead to excessive accumulation of neuromuscular blockers and anti-tuberculosis drugs, which may lead to poisoning.

Furthermore, BChE is also associated with diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have shown that BChE can help keep the level of esterase in cells in balance, thus preventing liver fat accumulation and liver necrosis.

The potential application of BChE in medicine

Based on the various physiological and pathological effects of BChE, scientists have begun to explore its potential applications in medicine. For example, BChE can serve as a potential target for an anti-tumor drug. Researchers have found that BChE plays an important role in the growth and diffusion of cancer cells, and therefore it is being studied as a targeted anti-tumor drug treatment strategy.

In addition, BChE can also be used as a target for blood-brain barrier filtration technology. It can be used to remove neurotoxins and tumor markers from the blood, effectively preventing these substances from crossing the blood-brain barrier and entering the central nervous system.

List of drugs under research related to BChE

Currently, many companies and laboratories are developing new drugs for BChE. Some of these drugs include:

TV3326: A drug used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mainly by increasing the activity of BChE to improve the efficiency of neuromuscular signal transmission.

GAL-301: An anti-inflammatory drug currently under development, expected to provide assistance for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. It mainly achieves therapeutic effects by regulating BChE.