Structure and Function of TGFA
This gene encodes a growth factor that is a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor, which activates a signaling pathway for cell proliferation, differentiation and development. This protein may act as either a transmembrane-bound ligand or a soluble ligand. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Diseases associated with TGFA include tooth agenesis and cleft lip. Among its related pathways are Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts and GPCR Pathway. Gene Ontology annotations related to this gene include growth factor activity and epidermal growth factor receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is BTC.
TGFA is a mitogenic polypeptide that is able to bind to the EGFR and to act synergistically with TGF beta to promote anchorage-independent cell proliferation in soft agar.
Three dimensional structures for TGFA Gene
TGFA Related Pathways
There are 55 pathways
14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling
Actin-Based Motility by Rho Family GTPases
Activation of cAMP-Dependent PKA
Activation of PKA through GPCR
Activation of PKC through GPCR
Akt Signaling
Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts
Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1
cAMP Pathway
Cellular Apoptosis Pathway
CREB Pathway
DHA Signaling
eIF2 Pathway
eNOS Signaling
Epithelial Adherens Junctions
ErbB Family Pathway
ERK Signaling
ERK5 Signaling
Estrogen Pathway
Glioma Invasiveness
GPCR Pathway
GSK3 Signaling
ILK Signaling
Intracellular Calcium Signaling
IP3 Pathway
JAK-STAT Pathway
JNK Pathway
MAPK Family Pathway
MAPK Signaling
Mitochondrial Apoptosis
Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
mTOR Pathway
Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency
NFAT in Immune Response
NF-KappaB (p50-p65) Pathway
NF-KappaB Family Pathway
Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A
p38 Signaling
p53 Mediated Apoptosis
p70S6K Signaling
PAK Pathway
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Paxillin Interactions
Phospholipase-C Pathway
PPAR Pathway
PTEN Pathway
Rac1 Pathway
Rap1 Pathway
Ras Pathway
Renin-Angiotensin Pathway
Rho Family GTPases
Tec Kinases Signaling
Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling
TGF-Beta Pathway
TGFA Related Drugs
About TGFA, there are 82 pipelines under study, 49 of which have been approved.
Cetuximab is an endothelial growth factor receptor binding fragment used to treat colorectal cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Panitumumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat EGFR-expressing, metastatic colorectal carcinoma that is refractory to fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan- containing chemotherapy regimens.
Acetylcholine is a parasympathomimetic neurotransmitter used to induce miosis of the iris in seconds after delivery of the lens in cataract surgery, in penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis may be required.
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant used to prevent renal transplant rejection, treat rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.
Dactinomycin is an actinomycin used to treat a wide variety of cancers.
Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter used to treat hemodynamic imbalances, poor perfusion of vital organs, low cardiac output, and hypotension.
Erlotinib is an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat certain small cell lung cancers or advanced metastatic pancreatic cancers.
Etoposide is a podophyllotoxin derivative used to treat testicular and small cell lung tumors.
Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring hazardous organic compound used as a preservative in animal feed, cosmetic products, laboratory procedures, disinfection, and home building products.
Fulvestrant is an estrogen receptor antagonist used to treat HR+ breast cancer that may also be HER2-.
Gefitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as first-line therapy to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that meets certain genetic mutation criteria.
Histamine is an ingredient of topical drugs for the relief of joint pain or muscle aches and pains.
Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) used for symptomatic management of chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions and to induce closure of a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants.
Methotrexate is an antineoplastic agent used the treatment of a wide variety of cancers as well as severe psoriasis, severe rheumatoid arthritis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
