rhGAD65, Recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0195
• Product Name: rhGAD65, Recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase
• Description: Rrecombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase is a vaccine antigen being developed to treat insulin dependent type 1 diabetes.
• Sequences: Not Available
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: Not Available
• Purity: >99% by SDS-Page and HPLC analysis
• Cas No: Not Available
• Formula: Not Available
• Endotoxin Level: <0.001 EU per 1 μg of the peptide by the LAL method

Pharmaceutical Information

• Pharmaceutical Application: rhGAD65
• Applications: Investigated for use/treatment in diabetes mellitus type 1.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Diabetes mellitus type 1
• Pharmacodynamics: The immune system of patients treated with the demonstrate an increase in the secretion of several immunomodulatory substances, dominated by regulatory cytokines, including IL5, IL13, IL10, IL17, IFN-a and TNF-a. Additionally, the activity of T-cells in response to GAD65 is increased with the product therapy and subjects receiving the product show an up regulation of cytokines in response to GAD65.
• Mechanism of action: Not Available
• Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals

Related Reading

1. Brief introduction

rhGAD65 is a recombinant humanized glutamate decarboxylase, which is an enzyme that can catalyze the decarboxylated reaction of glutamate and convert it to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which can have a positive regulatory effect on endogenous GABA. rhGAD65 is a biologic that can be used to treat autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In addition, GAD65 has also been widely studied in the treatment of neurological diseases, epilepsy treatment, drug addiction treatment, and other applications. rhGAD65 (recombinant human glutamate decarboxylase 65) is mainly used in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune Diabetes mellitus (T1D). T1D is a disease caused by the immune system attacking insulin-producing beta cells.

rhGAD65 can be used for the diagnosis and screening of T1D, as well as immunotherapy in patients with T1D. The purpose of rhGAD65 immunotherapy is to stimulate the body to produce antibodies by injecting rhGAD65 to protect existing beta cells from attack and damage, thereby slowing the progression of diabetes. In addition, rhGAD65 has also been used to study the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

2. Clinical application

Recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase (rhGAD65) is a protein whose primary role is to promote GABA synthesis of neurons in the human body, thereby regulating the activity of the nervous system. rhGAD65 is mainly used in clinical applications for patients with autoimmune diabetes. The main mechanism includes:

1. Reduce the symptoms of diabetes by promoting the recovery and protection of islet beta cell function;
2. Reduce the immune system's attack on islet beta cells, thereby delaying or reducing the progression of diabetes;
3. Regulate the activity of the nervous system, thereby relieving the neurological symptoms of diabetic patients.

3. Advantages and disadvantages in clinical application

rhGAD65 (Recombinant human glutamate decarboxylase) is a biological agent for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes mellitus. Its advantages and disadvantages are as follows:

3.1 Advantages

1. rhGAD65 can reduce the insulin antibody level of patients with autoimmune diabetes and protect islet cells, thus delaying the development of diabetes;
2. rhGAD65 has high safety, long-term use has no obvious toxic side effects;
3. rhGAD65 combined with other therapeutic methods can achieve, a better curative effect.
4. Directly affect the cause of diabetes: rhGAD65 directly affects the cause of diabetes by stimulating the secretion of insulin, making it easier for patients to maintain good blood sugar levels.
5. Long-lasting effects: rhGAD65 continues to provide insulin stimulation for up to 5 years.
6. Low side effects: rhGAD65 has relatively low side effects, with few reports of hypoglycemia and other adverse effects.

3.2 Disadvantages

1. The efficacy of rhGAD65 is unstable, and not all patients will respond to it;
2. rhGAD65 treatment has a high cost and needs long-term application;
3. rhGAD65 is still in the clinical research stage, and there are still some uncertainties.
4. The effectiveness of treatment varies from individual to individual: some patients may not respond to the drug, which may be related to high levels of anti-GAD65 antibodies in the patient's body.
5. Injection requirements: rhGAD65 requires frequent injections, which may cause inconvenience to the treatment schedule and management of some patients.

In summary, hGAD65 is a recombinant human glutamate decarboxylase that can be used to treat type 1 diabetes. It controls blood sugar levels by mimicking its insulin production. In some clinical trials, rhGAD65 treatment has been shown to reduce insulin use and hypoglycemia risk in patients with type 1 diabetes to some extent.

4. Research progress

rhGAD65 is an important genetically engineered protein that can be used to treat diabetes. At present, there are some domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies in rhGAD65 research and development work, including Dawn Biology, Priceprice Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, etc., however, it has not yet been formally approved by the FDA. According to incomplete statistics, there have been many clinical trials in progress, showing that rhGAD65 has a high safety and effectiveness as a new type of treatment for diabetes.