Mucin-1 (MUC1)

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0275
• Product Name: Mucin-1 (MUC1)
• Description: Human Mucin-1, Llama IgG2b Fc Tag, low endotoxin is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Ser 33 - Gly 167. Predicted N-terminus: Ser 33. This protein carries a llama IgG2b Fc tag at the C-terminus. The protein has a calculated MW of 42.4 kDa. The protein migrates as 50-70 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: 42.4 kDa
• Source: HEK293
• Introduction: Mucin-1 (MUC1) is also known as Tumor-associated epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), Polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM), Peanut-reactive urinary mucin (PUM), PEMT, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), CD antigen CD227, Episialin, H23AG. MUC1 is a glycoprotein with extensive O-linked glycosylation of its extracellular domain. Mucins line the apical surface of epithelial cells in the lungs, stomach, intestines, eyes and several other organs. Mucins protect the body from infection by pathogen binding to oligosaccharides in the extracellular domain, preventing the pathogen from reaching the cell surface. Except protective function by binding to pathogens, MUC1 also functions in a cell signaling capacity. Overexpression of MUC1 is often associated with colon, breast, ovarian, lung and pancreatic cancers.
• Purity: >90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Formulation: Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in 50 mM Tris, 100 mM Glycine, Arginine, 150 mM NaCl, pH7.5. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.

Pharmaceutical Information

• Applications: Mucins protect the body from infection by pathogen binding to oligosaccharides in the extracellular domain, preventing the pathogen from reaching the cell surface.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Preventing the pathogen from reaching the cell surface.
• Affected organisms: Humans

Related Reading

MUC1 is an adhesion molecule, belonging to the mucoprotein family. Its function and role are mainly related to the physical protection, immune defense and signal transduction of the slime layer.

Background of MUC1

MUC1, also known as mucin 1, is a high molecular weight glycoprotein (mucin) commonly found on the surface of various epithelial cell secretions in the human body. MUC1 was first discovered in the 1970s. Its molecular structure includes a fixed N-terminal (40 amino acids), a variable number of highly O-glycosylated N-terminal peptides (glycans), an extracellular region (can be divided into the first site and the second site), a transmembrane structure region and an intracellular region.

The Function of MUC1

The main function of MUC1 is to maintain the biophysical barrier and mucus mechanism of the slime layer, avoid further invasion of bacteria and viruses, and protect epithelial cells from stimulation. In addition, MUC1 also plays an important role in immune defense. The sugar groups on the surface of MUC1 can provide specific immune protection against external invasion. In addition, MUC1 can also participate in regulating cell apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell reconstruction by targeting intracellular regions on the cell membrane, and interact with multiple regulatory molecules such as ErbB2, thereby affecting cell differentiation, proliferation, and transformation.

MUC1 related signaling pathway

The extracellular components of MUC1 have various adhesion, agglutination, and inhibitory effects on the cell surface, while in the intracellular region, they can regulate cell apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell reconstruction. These effects are mainly achieved through the interaction between extracellular and intracellular regions, as well as the phosphorylation of intracellular regions. The signaling pathway of MUC1 includes many important signaling regulatory pathways, such as MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and Wnt/ β- Catenin signaling pathways, etc.

MUC1 related diseases

It has been found that MUC1 is closely related to the occurrence, development and treatment of many tumors, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, etc. Research has shown that the expression of MUC1 in tumor cells is highly correlated with the occurrence and degree of malignancy of diseases. MUC1 is a marker in breast cancer and gastric cancer, and its expression level can be used as a detection indicator for clinical diagnosis, etiology exploration and treatment effect evaluation.

The potential application of MUC1 in medicine

The application of MUC1 mainly focuses on two aspects: tumor treatment and immune regulation. In terms of tumor treatment, there are currently three strategies: the development of anti MUC1 drugs, RNAi of MUC1, and MUC1 immunotherapy. In terms of immune regulation, research has shown that MUC1 immunotherapy can induce the autoimmune system to attack MUC1 expressing tumor cells, thereby achieving therapeutic effects. Among these treatment strategies, the RNAi of MUC1 is considered a potential tumor treatment strategy.

List of MUC1 related drugs under research

At present, researchers have developed various drug strategies for the research and discovery of MUC1, and are gradually conducting research and application. Some of these drugs are listed below:

1. Secondary gel inhibitor - OMZM2, which can inhibit the acidic glycoprotein domain (MAG) of MUC1 and inhibit its tumor effect.

2. Polyamide compounds that artificially activate MUC1 ligands, including a sponge compound of polyamide and thiomucin, a serine protease inhibitor

3. A targeted monoclonal antibody against MUC1, CR011, can achieve cytotoxic effects on tumor cells through specific recognition and irradiation of the extracellular portion of MUC1.