MM-093, Recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP)

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0199
• Product Name: MM-093, Recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP)
• Description: The product is a recombinant version of human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP), an immunomodulatory serum protein normally produced at very high levels by the fetus and present in low levels in the blood of adults and children.
• Sequences: MKQPATMKWSASISFLLLLNFAEPRVLHTNEFGIESTLDSSQCPTEKNMFNVATIVVAQFVQDATKAEVNKMSSDALAAMKENTGDGCLENQLSVFLDEICHETELFNKYGFSGCCNQSGVERHQCLLARKKTAPDSVPPFHFPETAESCPAYEENRAMSINTFIYDVSKRNPFLYAPTILYLAAQYDKAVPACCKADNMEECFQTKRASMAKELREGSMLNEHVCAVIRKFGSRNLQAVLIIKLSQKFPKANITEIRKLALDVAHIHEQCCHGNAMECLQDGESVMTHICSQQEILSSKTAECCKLPTIELGYCIIHAENGDKPEGLTLNPSEFLGDRNFAQFSSEEKLLFMASFLHEYSRNHPNLPVSVILKTAKSYQEILEKCSQSETPSKCQDNMEEELQKHIQESQALAKQSCDLYQKLGPYYLQNLFLIGYTRKAPQLTSAELIDLTGKMVSIASMCCQLSEEKRSACGEGLADIYIGHLCLRHEANPVNSGINHCCSSSYSNRRLCITSFLRDETYVPPPFSEDKFIFHKDLCQAQGRALQTMKQELLINLVKQKPEMTEEQHAAVTADFSGLLEKCCKDQDQEACFAKEGPKLISKTREALGV
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: Not Available
• Purity: >99% by SDS-Page and HPLC analysis
• Cas No: Not Available
• Formula: Not Available
• Endotoxin Level: <0.001 EU per 1 μg of the peptide by the LAL method

Pharmaceutical Information

• Pharmaceutical Application: MM-093
• Applications: Investigated for use/treatment in autoimmune diseases, psoriasis and psoriatic disorders, and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Autoimmune diseases, psoriasis and psoriatic disorders, and rheumatoid arthritis
• Pharmacodynamics: The product (Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) is a non-glycosylated version of human AFP produced by recombinant DNA technology in a transgenic goat expression system.. hAFP is an immunomodulatory serum protein normally produced at very high levels by the fetus and present in low levels in the blood of adults and children. Research on AFP suggests that it may play a role in modulating the immune system of the mother in order to protect the developing fetus during pregnancy. The presence of hAFP in the pregnant mother's blood has long been associated with remission of many autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, during the third trimester of pregnancy. Current studies are assessing the product's potential to improve the treatment of autoimmune disease.
• Mechanism of action: One study states that AFP suppresses autologous lymphocyte proliferation and that improvements in experimental arthritis and autoimmune thyroiditis were associated with significantly reduced numbers of CD4 and CD8 splenocytes, total thymocytes and CD4 thymocytes. This suggests that AFP modulates T cell development and immune responses.
• Affected organisms: Not Available

Related Reading

1. Introduction of MM-093

MM-093 is a recombinant human alpha-fetal protein (hAFP), a protein secreted by fetal liver cells. hAFP plays an important biological function during fetal development, but its function in adults is not fully understood. This is an immune-regulating serum protein that is usually produced at very high levels by the fetus and present at low levels in the blood of adults and children. Research on AFP suggests that it may play a role in regulating the mother's immune system to protect the developing fetus during pregnancy. The presence of hAFP in the blood of pregnant mothers has long been associated with the remission of many autoimmune diseases in the third trimester of pregnancy, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis.

In addition to the above role in pregnant women, MM-093 is widely used in the early screening and detection of cancer, especially in the diagnosis of malignant tumors such as liver cancer and testicular cancer. As a biomarker, hAFP is considered to be an important indicator for the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of liver cancer. The use of MM-093 can help doctors detect potential cancer lesions promptly on time manner and improve treatment success.

2. Clinical application

MM-093, recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP) has many clinical applications. Here are some common applications:

1. As a tumor marker: High serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations can indicate the presence of certain cancers, including liver, testicular, and ovarian cancers, and recombinant human AFP can be used as a tumor marker to help diagnose these cancers.
2. Assessment of fetal traits: During pregnancy, monitoring fetal serum AFP levels can identify certain fetal malformations and chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome.
3. Monitoring of hepatitis virus infection: Recombinant human AFP can also be used to monitor the efficacy of hepatitis virus infection.

In addition to the above applications, medical research using recombinant human AFP is continuing to expand, and more applications may emerge in the future. MM-093 is a recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (hAFP) drug and has an important role in clinical medicine. hAFP is a protein produced during embryonic development and found in very low levels in adults. However, in some cases, such as cancers of the liver, colon, and stomach, hAFP levels are significantly elevated, so testing for hAFP levels can also be used to diagnose these cancers. MM-093 is a recombinant hAFP drug that can be used to treat certain cancers, such as liver, colon, and stomach cancers. Its mechanism of action is to reduce the content of hAFP in the human body, which is conducive to inhibiting the growth and spread of tumor cells, to fight cancer. Overall, MM-093 is an important drug for cancer treatment, and its mechanism of action is to reduce the content of hAFP in the human body, which helps to inhibit the growth and spread of tumor cells.

3. Introduction of advantages and disadvantages

3.1 Advantages

1. MM-093 can be used for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of liver cancer, testicular cancer, and ovarian cancer, with high sensitivity and specificity, which is conducive to early detection and treatment of cancer.
2. MM-093 can be used as a prognostic indicator of liver cancer and other cancers to predict the survival rate and recurrence rate of patients.
3. MM-093 is thoroughly researched, stable, and reliable in performance, and can be mass-produced, providing reliable support for clinical application.
4. As an important liver cancer treatment drug, MM-093 can enhance the immune system of patients, cooperate with chemotherapy and surgical treatment, and improve the therapeutic effect.
5. MM-093 can also help doctors more accurately monitor the development of liver cancer and response to treatment.

3.2 Disadvantages

1. As a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for liver cancer and other cancers, MM-093 has certain limitations and cannot be used for screening and monitoring of all populations.
2. MM-093, as a biological agent, may cause immunogenic reactions and other side effects in patients due to individual differences and improper use.
3. The price of MM-093 is relatively high, which may be unaffordable for some patients with poor economic conditions.
4. Some non-specific side effects, such as fever, may also occur during the use of MM-093.
5. Although MM-093 is recommended for liver cancer treatment, its efficacy is not necessarily applicable to all patients, as each tumor type has its own biological characteristics and response characteristics.

In general, MM-093 has many advantages in clinical applications, but it also needs to be used with caution and consider its limitations and shortcomings.MM-093 is not currently approved for clinical use by the FDA. However, it is being studied in clinical trials and may be approved for some specific medical uses in the future.