Human Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 3 (TGFB3)

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0244
• Product Name: Human Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 3 (TGFB3)
• Description: TGF­beta 3 (transforming growth factor-beta 3) is a member of a TGF­-beta superfamily subgroup that is defined by their structural and functional similarities.
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: Predicted Molecular Mass: 12.7 kDa (monomer). SDS-PAGE: 12 kDa, reducing conditions; 24 kDa, non-reducing conditions.
• Source: Baculovirus infected Sf21 cells
• Introduction: TGF-beta 3 and its closely related proteins, TGF-beta 1 and ­-beta 2, act as cellular switches to regulate immune function, cell proliferation, and epithelial­-mesenchymal transition. The non-redundant biological effects of TGF-­ beta 3 include involvement in palatogenesis, chondrogenesis, and pulmonary development. Human TGF-­ beta 3 cDNA encodes a 412 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal peptide and a 392 aa proprotein. The proprotein is processed by a furin­like convertase to generate a 220 aa latency­associated peptide (LAP) and a 112 aa mature TGF­-beta 3. Mature human TGF­-beta 3 shows 100%, 99%, and 98% aa identity with mouse/dog/horse, rat, and pig TGF-­ beta 3, respectively. TGF-beta 3 is secreted as a complex with LAP. This latent form of TGF-beta 3 becomes active upon cleavage by plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin-1, and a subset of integrins. TGF-beta 3 binds with high affinity to TGF-beta RII, a type II serine/threonine kinase receptor. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates type I serine/threonine kinase receptors, TGF-­ beta RI or ALK-­1, to modulate transcription through Smad phosphorylation. The divergent biological effects exerted by individual TGF-beta isoforms is dependent upon the recruitment of co-receptors (TGF-­ beta RIII and endoglin) and the subsequent initiation of Smad-­dependent or -independent signaling pathways.
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Biological Activity: Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The ED50 for this effect is 0.01-0.04 ng/mL. The specific activity of recombinant human TGF-beta 3 is approximately 2.2 x 104 IU/μg, which is calibrated against recombinant human TGF-beta 3 WHO International Standard (NIBSC code: 09/234).
• Reconstitution: Reconstitute at 20 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing 1 mg/mL human or bovine serum albumin.
• Application: The non-redundant biological effects of TGF-­ beta 3 include involvement in palatogenesis, chondrogenesis, and pulmonary development.