Human Thrombin

Specification

• Cat#: THP-0076
• Product Name: Human Thrombin
• Description: The product is a sterile solution, pH 6.8-7.2, containing highly purified human thrombin for the activation of clotting. Thrombin is a highly specific serine protease encoded by the F2 gene that transforms soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. In particular, while human thrombin products are made from pooled human source plasma, recombinant thrombin is a human coagulation protein produced via recombinant DNA technology from a genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary cell line.
• Sequences: MAHVRGLQLPGCLALAALCSLVHSQHVFLAPQQARSLLQRVRRANTFLEEVRKGNLERECVEETCSYEEAFEALESSTATDVFWAKYTACETARTPRDKLAACLEGNCAEGLGTNYRGHVNITRSGIECQLWRSRYPHKPEINSTTHPGADLQENFCRNPDSSTTGPWCYTTDPTVRRQECSIPVCGQDQVTVAMTPRSEGSSVNLSPPLEQCVPDRGQQYQGRLAVTTHGLPCLAWASAQAKALSKHQDFNSAVQLVENFCRNPDGDEEGVWCYVAGKPGDFGYCDLNYCEEAVEEETGDGLDEDSDRAIEGRTATSEYQTFFNPRTFGSGEADCGLRPLFEKKSLEDKTERELLESYIDGRIVEGSDAEIGMSPWQVMLFRKSPQELLCGASLISDRWVLTAAHCLLYPPWDKNFTENDLLVRIGKHSRTRYERNIEKISMLEKIYIHPRYNWRENLDRDIALMKLKKPVAFSDYIHPVCLPDRETAASLLQAGYKGRVTGWGNLKETWTANVGKGQPSVLQVVNLPIVERPVCKDSTRIRITDNMFCAGYKPDEGKRGDACEGDSGGPFVMKSPFNNRWYQMGIVSWGEGCDRDGKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: Not Available
• Source: Human Plasma
• Cas No: 9002-04-4
• Formula: Not Available
• Endotoxin Level: <0.001 EU per 1 μg by the LAL method

Pharmaceutical Information

• Pharmaceutical Application: Human Thrombin
• Applications: The product is indicated as an aid to hemostasis whenever oozing blood and minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules are accessible and control of bleeding by standard surgical techniques (such as suture, ligature, or cautery) is ineffective or impractical.
• Examples of Clinical Use: Oozing blood and minor bleeding
• Pharmacodynamics: Clinical pharmacodynamic studies with human thrombin have not been performed at this time.Regardless, commercial human thrombin products are expected to demonstrate activity that is identical to thrombin found endogenously in the body. In the natural blood coagulation pathway of the human body, thrombin functions as a coagulation factor that converts clotting factor XI to XIa, factor VIII to VIIIa, V to Va, fibrinogen to fibrin, and XIII to XIIIa. Specifically, clotting factor XIIIa is a transglutaminase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between the lysine and glutamine residues found in fibrin. These covalent bonds assist in increasing the stability of the fibrin clot. Additionally, thrombin also promotes the activation and aggregation of platelets by way of activating protease-activated receptors on the cell membranes of platelets.
• Mechanism of action: Human thrombin (coagulation factor IIa) is a highly specific protease that transforms plasma fibrinogen into fibrin which, in the presence of clotting factor XIII in the patient's plasma, is cross-linked to form a stable clot. When applied to a surgical wound where bleeding is present, thrombin activates fibrinogen in the patient's plasma to form fibrin, which results in clot formation and hemostasis. The fibrin clot is stabilized by cross-linking occurring as a result of activation of the patient's endogenous factor XIII, which requires the presence of calcium. Human thrombin does not require any intermediate physiological agent because it naturally clots the fibrinogen of the blood directly. Any failure to clot blood occurs in the rare case where the primary clotting defect is the absence of fibrinogen itself. The speed with which human thrombin clots blood is dependent upon the concentration of both the human thrombin used and fibrinogen present.
• Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Targets: Target 1. Coagulation factor V; Target 2. Coagulation factor VIII; Target 3. Coagulation factor XI; Target 4. Coagulation factor XIII A chain; Target 5. Coagulation factor XIII B chain; Target 6. Fibrinogen alpha chain; Target 7. Fibrinogen beta chain; Target 8. Fibrinogen gamma chain