Fecal microbiota

Specification

• Cat#: THP-1106
• Product Name: Fecal microbiota
• Description: Fecal microbiota is a bacterial suspension manufactured from human fecal matter used to prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection.
• Sequences: Not Available
• Species: Human
• Molecular Weight: Not Available
• Introduction: Fecal microbiota, given either as a rectal transplant or in an oral formulation of live spores, is an FDA-approved option to prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in patients given an antibacterial treatment for recurrent CDI. Although the incidence of CDI has declined and the number of cases requiring hospitalization has been lower over the years, the recurrence of CDI still represents a challenge. Recurrent CDI has a high risk of mortality and a high failure rate. The use of fecal microbiota transplantation is a treatment alternative for patients with recurrent CDI, also associated with lower costs and patient waiting times. For this type of therapy to be efficient, qualified donors must be selected. Human fecal matter is then tested for a panel of transmissible pathogens and processed with methods aimed at preserving bacterial viability. The purpose of fecal microbiota transplantation is to restore gut microbiota and replace microbes with healthy host microbiota. REBYOTA, a live fecal microbiota suspension for rectal use, was approved by the FDA in November 2022. In April 2023, the agency also approved VOWST, a capsule formulation of live fecal microbiota spores for oral administration.
• Cas No: Not Available
• Formula: Not Available
• Biologic Classification: Protein Based Therapies Other protein based therapies

Pharmaceutical Information

• Pharmacodynamics: Since fecal microbiota products are manufactured from human fecal matter, their use may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents and contain food allergens. There is also a risk of developing an acute anaphylactic reaction for fecal microbiota directed for rectal use.
• Mechanism of action: The mechanism of action of fecal microbiota has not been established. In the prevention of the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), it is possible that the reintroduction of normal flora from donors corrects the intestinal imbalance of microorganisms. Antibiotics, such as clindamycin, are used in the treatment of CDI; however, they can also lead to a chronic and contagious condition characterized by low phylotypic diversity, the presence of opportunistic pathogens, the upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes and the reduction of colon nutrients. The use of fecal microbiota transplantations increases the diversity of fecal microbiota as well as the proportion of "beneficial" bacteria.
• Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Targets: Fecal microbiota